Episodes

In the first installment of this 2-part episode, we break down the causes of unconjugated (indirect) and conjugated (direct) hyperbilirubinemia. Follow us on Twitter @Pediagogypod and connect with us at pediagogypod@gmail.com This episode was written by Dr. Tammy Yau and Dr. Lidia Park, with content support from Dr. Daphne Say, Dr. Lena van der List, and Dr. Su-Ting Li. Drs. Tammy and Lidia take full responsibility for any errors or misinformation. Key points: -Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemi...

Join us today where we discuss one of the most common causes of microcytic anemia in pediatric patients. Follow us on Twitter @Pediagogypod and connect with us at pediagogypod@gmail.com This episode was written by Dr. Tammy Yau and Dr. Lidia Park, with content support from Dr. Anjali Pawar, Dr. Lena van der List, and Dr. Su-Ting Li. Drs. Tammy and Lidia take full responsibility for any errors or misinformation. Key points: -Excessive milk consumption inhibits iron absorption. Limit to 16-24 ...

In this hot topic summer episode, listeners will learn about the management of infectious gastroenteritis. Follow us on Twitter @Pediagogypod This episode was written by Dr. Tammy Yau and Dr. Lidia Park, with content support from Dr. Christopher Kim, Dr. Lena van der List, and Dr. Su-Ting Li. Drs. Tammy and Lidia take full responsibility for any errors or misinformation. Key points: -Gastroenteritis is a major cause of pediatric morbidity annually due to dehydration -Learn about oral rehydr...

Key points: -Bronchiolitis is seen in kids under the age of 2 and caused by RSV -Treatment is supportive including fluids, oxygen, and suction -Learn about palivizumab and other new preventive therapies against bronchiolitis Supplemental Information: AAP 2014 guidelines: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/5/e1474 Day of Illness and Outcomes in Bronchiolitis Hospitalizations: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/146/5/e20201537/75296/Day-of-Illness-and-Outcomes-in-Bronc...

Key points: -Brief, resolved, unexplained events in patients

Key points: -DKA presents with hyperglycemia, ketosis, and anion gap metabolic acidosis, which if severe can cause cerebral edema and CNS dysfunction -Initial management includes fluid resuscitation and IV insulin -Learn about the 2 bag system for DKA -There is a rule to correct for hyponatremia in hyperglycemia -Learn about how to manage potassium, bicarbonate, and phosphorus in DKA Supplemental information: Pediatrics in Review 2019 DKA: https://publications.aap.org/pediatricsinreview/article-...

Key points: -Remember the 4-2-1 rule for calculating maintenance fluids in children -Use of hypotonic fluids is based on historical data in healthy children -Data now supports use of isotonic fluids like NS or LR to reduce risk of hyponatremia and SIADH -Newer data may support LR over NS Supplemental information AAP 2018 Maintenance Fluid Guidelines: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/142/6/e20183083/37529/Clinical-Practice-Guideline-Maintenance

Key points: -Bronchiolitis is seen in kids under the age of 2 and caused by RSV -Treatment is supportive including fluids, oxygen, and suction -Learn about palivizumab and other new preventive therapies against bronchiolitis Supplemental Information: AAP 2014 guidelines: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/5/e1474 Day of Illness and Outcomes in Bronchiolitis Hospitalizations: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/146/5/e20201537/75296/Day-of-Illness-and-Outcomes-in-Bronc...

Key points: -Brief, resolved, unexplained events in patients

Key points: -DKA presents with hyperglycemia, ketosis, and anion gap metabolic acidosis, which if severe can cause cerebral edema and CNS dysfunction -Initial management includes fluid resuscitation and IV insulin -Learn about the 2 bag system for DKA -There is a rule to correct for hyponatremia in hyperglycemia -Learn about how to manage potassium, bicarbonate, and phosphorus in DKA Supplemental information: Pediatrics in Review 2019 DKA: https://publications.aap.org/pediatricsinreview/article-...

Key points: -Remember the 4-2-1 rule for calculating maintenance fluids in children -Use of hypotonic fluids is based on historical data in healthy children -Data now supports use of isotonic fluids like NS or LR to reduce risk of hyponatremia and SIADH -Newer data may support LR over NS Supplemental information AAP 2018 Maintenance Fluid Guidelines: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/142/6/e20183083/37529/Clinical-Practice-Guideline-Maintenance

Key points: -Bronchiolitis is seen in kids under the age of 2 and caused by RSV -Treatment is supportive including fluids, oxygen, and suction -Learn about palivizumab and other new preventive therapies against bronchiolitis Supplemental Information: AAP 2014 guidelines: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/5/e1474 Day of Illness and Outcomes in Bronchiolitis Hospitalizations: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/146/5/e20201537/75296/Day-of-Illness-and-Outcomes-in-Bronc...

Key points: -Brief, resolved, unexplained events in patients

Key points: -DKA presents with hyperglycemia, ketosis, and anion gap metabolic acidosis, which if severe can cause cerebral edema and CNS dysfunction -Initial management includes fluid resuscitation and IV insulin -Learn about the 2 bag system for DKA -There is a rule to correct for hyponatremia in hyperglycemia -Learn about how to manage potassium, bicarbonate, and phosphorus in DKA Supplemental information: Pediatrics in Review 2019 DKA: https://publications.aap.org/pediatricsinreview/article-...

Key points: -Remember the 4-2-1 rule for calculating maintenance fluids in children -Use of hypotonic fluids is based on historical data in healthy children -Data now supports use of isotonic fluids like NS or LR to reduce risk of hyponatremia and SIADH -Newer data may support LR over NS Supplemental information AAP 2018 Maintenance Fluid Guidelines: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/142/6/e20183083/37529/Clinical-Practice-Guideline-Maintenance

Key points: -There are specific clinical criteria for diabetes -There are some differences to help distinguish between type 1 versus type 2 diabetes -Learn about how to manage diabetes on the inpatient floor, including how to calculate total daily insulin dose, correction factors, and carbohydrate ratios. Supplemental information: Pediatrics in Review 2013: https://publications.aap.org/pediatricsinreview/article-abstract/34/5/203/34790/Type-1-Diabetes-Mellitus?redirectedFrom=fulltext American Di...

Key points: -First line management is insulin when in DKA -First line management is lifestyle modification and metformin when not in DKA -Consider adding insulin and GLP-1 agonists if still in poor control Supplemental Information AAP guidelines 2013: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/131/2/364/31847/Management-of-Newly-Diagnosed-Type-2-Diabetes AAFP guidelines 2018: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1101/p590.html ISPAD guidelines 2018: https://www.ispad.org/page/ISPADGuidelines2018

Key points: -New strategies for management of febrile infants depending on age (1-3 weeks, 3-4 weeks, or 4-8 weeks) -Inflammatory markers like CRP and procalcitonin help to determine if LP is needed in older patients. -Learn about common bugs that cause infection in infants and the antibiotics we use to treat them -Observation of febrile infants is now reduced from 48 hours to 24-36 hours Supplemental information: AAP guidelines 2020: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/148/2/e2021052...

Key points: -There are specific clinical criteria for diabetes -There are some differences to help distinguish between type 1 versus type 2 diabetes -Learn about how to manage diabetes on the inpatient floor, including how to calculate total daily insulin dose, correction factors, and carbohydrate ratios. Supplemental information: Pediatrics in Review 2013: https://publications.aap.org/pediatricsinreview/article-abstract/34/5/203/34790/Type-1-Diabetes-Mellitus?redirectedFrom=fulltext American Di...

Key points: -First line management is insulin when in DKA -First line management is lifestyle modification and metformin when not in DKA -Consider adding insulin and GLP-1 agonists if still in poor control Supplemental Information AAP guidelines 2013: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/131/2/364/31847/Management-of-Newly-Diagnosed-Type-2-Diabetes AAFP guidelines 2018: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1101/p590.html ISPAD guidelines 2018: https://www.ispad.org/page/ISPADGuidelines2018

Key points: -New strategies for management of febrile infants depending on age (1-3 weeks, 3-4 weeks, or 4-8 weeks) -Inflammatory markers like CRP and procalcitonin help to determine if LP is needed in older patients. -Learn about common bugs that cause infection in infants and the antibiotics we use to treat them -Observation of febrile infants is now reduced from 48 hours to 24-36 hours Supplemental information: AAP guidelines 2020: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/148/2/e2021052...

Key points: -There are specific clinical criteria for diabetes -There are some differences to help distinguish between type 1 versus type 2 diabetes -Learn about how to manage diabetes on the inpatient floor, including how to calculate total daily insulin dose, correction factors, and carbohydrate ratios. Supplemental information: Pediatrics in Review 2013: https://publications.aap.org/pediatricsinreview/article-abstract/34/5/203/34790/Type-1-Diabetes-Mellitus?redirectedFrom=fulltext American Di...

Key points: -First line management is insulin when in DKA -First line management is lifestyle modification and metformin when not in DKA -Consider adding insulin and GLP-1 agonists if still in poor control Supplemental Information AAP guidelines 2013: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/131/2/364/31847/Management-of-Newly-Diagnosed-Type-2-Diabetes AAFP guidelines 2018: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1101/p590.html ISPAD guidelines 2018: https://www.ispad.org/page/ISPADGuidelines2018

Key points: -New strategies for management of febrile infants depending on age (1-3 weeks, 3-4 weeks, or 4-8 weeks) -Inflammatory markers like CRP and procalcitonin help to determine if LP is needed in older patients. -Learn about common bugs that cause infection in infants and the antibiotics we use to treat them -Observation of febrile infants is now reduced from 48 hours to 24-36 hours Supplemental information: AAP guidelines 2020: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/148/2/e2021052...