The capable Hisham protected his caliphate from the many enemies who lined its borders. These were not the only ones he had to contend with however,...
Khurasan and the East remained as volatile as ever, and Hisham had to contend with the new threat of the Turgesh throughout his long reign. We’re...
Hisham’s armies faced many different opponents during his long and formidable reign. The mismanagement of the half-brothers who preceded him had taken...
In the nine years between al Walid’s death in 715 and Hisham’s ascension in 724 the umma went through three caliphs, each with a radically different...
Yazid came to power following the transformative reign of the pious Omar II. The new caliph faced some immediate resistance, and after dealing with...