Mu’awiya’s thorough preparations before his death left little doubt as to who would succeed him. His mastery over the umma’s various social forces...
Just because Mu’awiya held supreme power within the caliphate didn’t mean he thought his will was absolute. He had displayed a keen understanding...
The same skills which propelled Mu’awiya along his relentless rise to the top of the caliphate helped him rule the Arabs unlike any man had managed...
It is one of the sharper ironies of Islamic history that the clan which had led the resistance to the young religion went on to found its first dynasty....
The first four leaders of the umma were collectively bestowed with the honorific "the rightly guided caliphs". They were all close companions of the...